Python Format Strings

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Field Width and Alignment

'hey {:10}'.format('hello')

Specify width (Aign left, fill with spaces)

'{:010}'.format(2)

Fill with zeroes

Output: 0000000002

'{:*^30}'.format('text')

Specify width, align to center

Output: *************text*************

Member and Element Access

'{0}, {1}, {2}'.format(1, 2, 3)

Access arguments by ordinal position

Output: 1, 2, 3

'{}, {}, {}'.format(1, 2, 3)

Implicit positional arguments (2.7 and above only)

Output: 1, 2, 3

'{value1}, {value2}, {value2}'.format(value1=1, value2=2, value3=3)

Access keyword arguments by name

Output: 1, 2, 2

'{[1]}'.format(['first', 'second', 'third'])

Access element by index

Output: second

'{.name}'.format(sys.stdin)

Access element attribute

Output: <stdin>

'{[name]}'.format({'name': 'something'})

Access element by key

Output: something

Numerical Representation

'{:x}'.format(100)

Hexadecimal representation

Output: 64

'{:X}'.format(3487)

Hexadecimal representation (uppercase letters)

Output: D9F

'{:#x}'.format(100)

Hexadecimal representation (including the 0x)

Output: 0x64

'{:b}'.format(100)

Binary representation

Output: 1100100

'{:c}'.format(100)

Character representation

Output: d

'{:d}'.format(100)

Decimal representation (default)

Output: 100

'{:,}'.format(1000000)

With thousands separator

Output: 1,000,000

'{:o}'.format(100)

Octal representation

Output: 144

'{:n}'.format(100)

Like d, but uses locale information for separators

Output: 100

'{:e}'.format(0.0000000001)

Exponent notation

Output: 1.000000e-10

'{:E}'.format(0.0000000001)

Exponent notation (capital 'E')

Output: 1.000000E-10

'{:f}'.format(3/14.0)

Fixed point

Output: 0.214286

'{:g}'.format(3/14.0)

General format

Output: 0.214286

'{:%}'.format(0.66)

Percentage

Output: 66.000000%

'{:.3}'.format(0.214286)

Precision

Output: 0.214

Conversions

'{!r}'.format('string')

Calling repr on arguments

Output: 'string'

'{!s}'.format(1.53438987)

Calling str on arguments

Output: 1.53438987